Application of single cell sequencing in cancer physiopathology

Authors

  • Charlotte Cesty Borda Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU
  • Camila Vega Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo

Keywords:

single cell sequencing, cancer, circulating tumor cell, MDA, MALBAC.

Abstract

The single cell analysis has been widely recognized as the main technique for the better understanding of cell functions, improving the ways of differentiation between healthy and unhealthy tissues, allowing several advances and discoveries in many different areas, including neuroscience, human reproduction, microbiology and oncology. These advances are particularly important for tissues with a high degree of variation, such as tumors, revealing structural differences and mutations that could be masked by other cells in a mass sequencing, for being part of only a small fraction of the studied cells. The detailed genomic study of individual cells is capable to show previously unknown functions, in phenotypically identical cells at a specific organ, however, several challenges still need to be overcome. The main challenge is to extract a very small sample and amplify it in a way to generate enough material for a reliable sequencing. Dealing with a low concentration of DNA can lead to degradation, loss of the sample and contamination, having a great effect in the quality of the sequencing. Due to these difficulties in the amplification of the DNA from a single cell, this review aims to describe the techniques used for single cell sequencing, from manipulation to amplification, showing the importance of this technique for cancer studies and for the improvement of the main themes related to the efficiency of cancer therapies: detection, progression and prediction.

Author Biographies

Charlotte Cesty Borda, Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU

Possuo Pós-Doc do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Parasitologia, Doutorado em Biotecnologia pela Universidade de São Paulo (2007), Mestrado em Agronomia (Horticultura) pela Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (2003) e graduação em Biologia pela Universidade Nacional Federico Villarreal (1999).

Camila Vega, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo

Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Formada em Biomedicina na Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU). Doutoranda na USP no Departamento de patologia.

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Published

2017-03-24

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): JAN-MAR

Section

Artigo Teórico

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