HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS

Authors

  • Jeniffer Holland Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU
  • Alessandra Barone Briani Fernandes Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU

Keywords:

hemochromatosis, ferritin, hepcidin, ferroportin, hemojuvelin, iron overload.

Abstract

Hereditary hemochromatosis is a genetic disorder that causes progressive iron overload in body. Iron is indispensable to human organism, it participates in hemoglobin, myoglobin and DNA syntheses besides acts in formation of many enzymes. It is absorbed by duodenum epithelium villi being stored as ferritin and transported by transferring. However in cases with iron over absorption, body cannot excrete the iron, causing progressive iron overload in tissues. Pathology is associated with related mutations or not with HFE gene and divided by subtypes. The most common mutations are divided in hemochromatosis type I, related to HFE, with mutations on C282Y, H63D and S65C genes; Mutations not related to HFE causes types 2A and 2B, 3 and 4 with respectively mutations on HJV gene, hemojuvelin gene; mutations on HAMP, hepcidin gene; mutations on TRF2, transferrin receptor-2 and mutations on SLC40A1, ferroportin gene. These genes are related to iron absorption and uncontrolled absorption consequentially with iron overload that is highly toxic to tissues, overloading specially in organs as liver, heart, spleen, skin, endocrine glands, causing lesion and fibrosis, inducing to cirrhosis, diabetes, heart insufficiency, hypogonadism and even carcinoma in advanced stages. This paper aim to elucidate how diagnose and treatment of hemochromatosis can influence in disease curse how improvement in well-being and increase patients survival.

Author Biographies

Jeniffer Holland, Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU

Complexo Educacional Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU).
Avenida Santo Amaro, 1239. Vila Nova Conceição, São Paulo, SP. Brasil.
CEP: 04505-002.

Alessandra Barone Briani Fernandes, Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas - FMU

Complexo Educacional Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU).
Avenida Santo Amaro, 1239. Vila Nova Conceição, São Paulo, SP. Brasil.
CEP: 04505-002.

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Published

2016-12-28

Issue

Section

Artigo Teórico