Smart City: um conceito em construção
Palavras-chave:
Smart Cities, Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação, Cidadão, Revisão Sistemática de Literatura.Resumo
Na década de 90, iniciaram-se os primeiros estudos buscando desenvolver o conceito de Smart Cities, fundamentados no desenvolvimento, aplicação e utilização de tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs). Devido a sua forte relação com a tecnologia, emergiram diferentes terminologias para caracterizar as Smart Cities, abrindo lacunas no desenvolvimento do conceito e dificultando a caracterização das terminologias propostas. Por tratar-se de um assunto de interesse mundial que permeia o planejamento das cidades e seus investimentos, optou-se por fazer uma revisão sistemática da literatura com o objetivo de analisar um conceito em construção - Smart City - identificando campos e gaps de pesquisa a serem explorados. A partir da revisão sistemática desenvolvida, observou-se que os artigos analisados são pesquisas recentes, desenvolvidos a partir de 2012, os quais destacaram a necessidade do desenvolvimento e aprofundamento do conceito de Smart Cities, a identificação de novos campos de estudo e gaps de pesquisa. Questões como living lab, Internet das Coisas (IoT), Internet do futuro e ecossistema inovador surgiram como formas de tornar os serviços da cidade e seu monitoramento mais eficaz, interativo e eficiente. Os resultados mostram que as TICs são requeridas pelas Smarts Cities de forma compartilhada, não só em termos de recursos tecnológicos, mas também de conhecimento acerca dos benefícios de usufruir e participar da construção de uma Smart City visando a integração de todos os elementos de forma holística.
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Fomento do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - IFRS
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